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26 States Depend on FAAC as Wage Bills Exceed IGR

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At least 26 Nigerian states were unable to generate enough Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) to cover their personnel expenditure in 2025, highlighting the continued dependence of many state governments on allocations from the Federation Account.

An analysis of a 2026 BudgIT report showed that only eight of the 34 states covered by the study generated more IGR than they spent on personnel during the year.

The eight states were Lagos, Enugu, Ogun, Delta, Kaduna, Kwara, Abia and Anambra.

The remaining 26 states collectively generated about ₦1.16 trillion in IGR but spent approximately ₦1.91 trillion on personnel, leaving a shortfall of about ₦747 billion.

The figures were contained in BudgIT’s 2026 report, Nigeria’s Economic Reforms: What Has Changed Across Nigeria’s States? An Analysis of State Finances in the Post-Subsidy Years.

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The report examined actual figures contained in states’ full-year budget implementation reports for 2022 and 2025. Akwa Ibom and Rivers states were excluded because of incomplete or unavailable data.

BudgIT clarified that the figures do not suggest that states are expected to finance salaries exclusively from internally generated revenue, since statutory allocations are a legitimate source of government income. However, the data illustrate the extent to which several states would struggle to meet their personnel obligations without federal transfers.

Dependence on federal allocations rises

The growing dependence on federal transfers has continued despite a significant increase in revenues available to state governments following the removal of the petrol subsidy, foreign exchange reforms and increased receipts into the Federation Account.

According to BudgIT, aggregate FAAC allocations to states rose from ₦3.43 trillion in 2022 to ₦11.38 trillion in 2025, representing a 232.06 per cent increase.

State IGR also increased substantially, rising from ₦1.57 trillion to ₦4.15 trillion during the same period.

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However, the growth in FAAC allocations outpaced the increase in IGR. As a result, FAAC accounted for 73.3 per cent of aggregate state revenue in 2025, compared with 68.7 per cent in 2022.

Conversely, the contribution of IGR declined from 31.4 per cent to 26.7 per cent over the same period.

BudgIT said stronger domestic revenue mobilisation would be essential to improving the long-term fiscal sustainability of state governments and reducing their dependence on federal transfers.

Yobe records widest personnel-to-IGR disparity

The state-by-state figures revealed significant differences in the ability of states to finance personnel costs from internally generated revenue.

Yobe recorded one of the widest gaps, generating only ₦15.42 billion in IGR in 2025 while spending ₦76.34 billion on personnel. Its personnel expenditure was therefore almost five times its IGR.

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Taraba generated ₦17.89 billion against personnel expenditure of ₦55.60 billion, while Sokoto recorded IGR of ₦20.58 billion against personnel costs of ₦58.65 billion.

Adamawa generated ₦24.14 billion internally but spent ₦65.73 billion on personnel.

Jigawa’s personnel expenditure stood at ₦92.66 billion, compared with IGR of ₦35.27 billion, while Benue generated ₦29.38 billion but spent ₦73.94 billion on personnel.

Kogi generated ₦36.50 billion against personnel expenditure of ₦89.20 billion, while Kebbi recorded IGR of ₦18.41 billion, less than half of its ₦44.82 billion personnel expenditure.

Other states where personnel costs exceeded IGR included Bauchi, Bayelsa, Borno, Cross River, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Gombe, Imo, Kano, Katsina, Nasarawa, Niger, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau and Zamfara.

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Oyo records largest absolute gap

In absolute terms, Oyo recorded the largest gap among the 26 states.

The state generated ₦102.52 billion in IGR but spent ₦170.04 billion on personnel, leaving a shortfall of approximately ₦67.51 billion.

Yobe followed with a gap of about ₦60.91 billion, while Jigawa recorded a shortfall of ₦57.39 billion.

Ondo generated ₦45.63 billion but spent ₦99.58 billion on personnel, creating a gap of ₦53.94 billion.

Kogi recorded a difference of ₦52.70 billion, while Bayelsa generated ₦52.15 billion against personnel expenditure of ₦98.75 billion, leaving a gap of ₦46.60 billion.

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Some states, however, came close to covering their personnel costs through IGR.

Edo generated ₦98.45 billion and spent ₦99.27 billion on personnel, leaving a gap of less than ₦1 billion.

Gombe generated ₦36.36 billion compared with personnel expenditure of ₦53.95 billion, while Osun recorded ₦58.80 billion in IGR against personnel costs of ₦87.46 billion.

Slight improvement from 2022

The situation represented a modest improvement from 2022, when 28 of the 34 states covered by the report had personnel expenditure exceeding their IGR.

Abia, Delta, Enugu and Kwara moved from having IGR below personnel expenditure in 2022 to generating enough revenue to cover their personnel costs in 2025.

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However, Ebonyi and Jigawa moved in the opposite direction.

Lagos and Enugu drive aggregate figures

The data also showed the enormous influence of Lagos on the overall IGR figures.

Lagos generated ₦1.85 trillion in IGR in 2025, up from ₦656.35 billion in 2022. Its revenue accounted for about 44 per cent of the ₦4.15 trillion generated by the 34 states covered by the report.

The state spent ₦333.67 billion on personnel, meaning its IGR was more than five times its personnel expenditure.

Enugu generated ₦406.77 billion compared with personnel expenditure of ₦56.40 billion, while Ogun recorded IGR of ₦237.65 billion against personnel costs of ₦151.27 billion.

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Delta generated ₦206.44 billion in IGR and spent ₦197.81 billion on personnel.

Other states whose IGR exceeded personnel expenditure were Kaduna, with ₦86.72 billion in IGR against ₦77.63 billion in personnel costs; Kwara, ₦85.21 billion against ₦65.22 billion; Abia, ₦66.86 billion against ₦62.26 billion; and Anambra, ₦54.24 billion against ₦39.95 billion.

Excluding Lagos, the remaining 33 states generated about ₦2.30 trillion in IGR in 2025, while their combined personnel expenditure stood at roughly ₦2.56 trillion.

Enugu records dramatic IGR increase

Enugu recorded the most significant increase in IGR during the period, rising from ₦25.12 billion in 2022 to ₦406.77 billion in 2025.

The increase of approximately ₦381.66 billion represented a compound annual growth rate of 153.01 per cent.

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BudgIT, however, noted that much of the increase was linked to proceeds collected by the Enugu State Housing Development Corporation following the state government’s intervention in the landed property market.

The organisation expressed reservations about the classification of the receipts and warned about their potentially cyclical nature.

Niger recorded the second-fastest IGR growth, with collections increasing from ₦12.11 billion to ₦66.37 billion, while Abia’s IGR rose from ₦14.67 billion to ₦66.86 billion.

Not all states recorded growth. Jigawa experienced the sharpest decline, with IGR falling from ₦59.40 billion in 2022 to ₦35.27 billion in 2025.

Sokoto’s IGR dropped from ₦23.60 billion to ₦20.58 billion, while Ebonyi recorded a marginal decline from ₦23.89 billion to ₦23.25 billion.

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Jigawa’s situation was particularly concerning because its personnel expenditure increased from ₦52.37 billion to ₦92.66 billion during the same period, even as its IGR declined.

FG urges states to increase revenue

The Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, Taiwo Oyedele, recently called for stronger fiscal federalism, improved revenue generation and economic diversification.

Speaking at the 2026 National Council on Finance and Economic Development Retreat in Owerri, Imo State, Oyedele urged stakeholders to review existing allocation and derivation principles while promoting greater fiscal responsibility and accountability among the three tiers of government.

He also urged state governments to improve their IGR, attract investments and create jobs rather than rely heavily on federal allocations.

Imo State Governor Hope Uzodimma, represented at the event by his deputy, Chinyere Ekomaru, said states must be empowered to generate more revenue and efficiently manage available resources.

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Economist and former Vice-Chancellor of the University of Uyo, Prof. Akpan Ekpo, also called on states to explore new ways of increasing IGR, particularly by improving service delivery and creating conditions capable of attracting more revenue.

Similarly, Muda Yusuf, Chief Executive Officer of the Centre for the Promotion of Private Enterprise, warned that many states remained financially unsustainable and could face serious fiscal challenges without increased investment.

He also urged governors to address bloated bureaucracies, excessive overheads and the large number of political appointees on state payrolls.

The findings underline the growing need for Nigerian states to strengthen their internally generated revenue, attract private investment and control recurrent expenditure if they are to reduce their dependence on federal allocations.

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ACTDA Flags Off Flood Control Measures in Awka, Commences Dredging of Obibia Stream

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By Okey Maduforo, Awka

The perennial flooding in Awka, the Anambra State capital, may soon be brought under control following the commencement of flood control measures by the Awka Capital Territory Development Authority (ACTDA).

The Authority has commenced the dredging of the Obibia Stream as part of efforts to improve the flow of floodwater and reduce flooding on major roads and streets within the capital territory.

During the rainy season, Zik’s Avenue, one of the major roads in Awka, is frequently affected by flooding, with water reportedly submerging buildings and disrupting commercial activities and vehicular movement, particularly around Eke Awka Main Market.

The ACTDA management has also commenced the desilting of drains and flood channels across the capital territory to ensure the free flow of water during heavy rainfall.

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Speaking on the development, the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of ACTDA, Ozo Ossy Onuko, attributed the recurring flooding to the blockage of drainage systems, largely caused by human activities.

Onuko said the desilting of drains would remain a continuous exercise, adding that the Authority would periodically clear the drainage channels to improve water flow.

“What we must understand is that the flood is as a result of the drainage that has been blocked, and this is due to human activities. When you go to Eke Awka Market, most of the water channels are affected, but we shall continue to carry out the desilting of those drainages for water to flow easily,” he said.

He further disclosed that the Obibia Stream was being dredged to facilitate the easy flow of floodwater.

“As you also know, we have commenced the dredging of the Obibia Stream, which is part of efforts by government towards putting an end to the perennial flooding in the Capital City,” Onuko stated.

The ACTDA boss also observed that some of the drainage channels constructed in Awka in the past were not deep or wide enough to accommodate the volume of water generated during heavy rainfall.

According to him, the situation is further worsened when residents block the drainage channels with refuse and other materials.

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He said the Authority was mobilising and sensitising market organisations and village associations to support government efforts in tackling flooding within the capital territory.

“Government is surely playing its role in that regard, but it is also the duty of residents of the Capital City to clear their gutters and ensure that garbage is not dumped inside the drainages,” he said.

Onuko expressed optimism that the measures being implemented would significantly reduce the flooding problem in Awka, while urging residents to support the government’s efforts.

“With what we are doing so far, the challenges of flooding would soon be a thing of the past, and we urge all and sundry to be part of this move because natural disasters know no bounds,” he stated.

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Anambra to Prosecute Culprits Denying Females Right to Property Inheritance

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By Okey Maduforo, Awka

The Attorney-General of Anambra State, Tobechukwu Nweke, SAN, has initiated steps to prosecute persons who deny women and girls their right to inherit property on the basis of their gender.

Nweke has consequently directed the Nigeria Police Force to investigate complaints of gender-based disinheritance and transmit the relevant case files to his office for prosecution.

This was contained in a letter personally signed by the Attorney-General and made available to newsmen on Monday, September 28, 2026.

The letter stated that the practice of denying women and girls the right to inherit property because they are female constitutes a criminal offence under Section 22 of the Violence Against Persons (Prohibition) Law, 2017 of Anambra State, and is punishable by up to four years’ imprisonment.

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In the letter addressed to the police, Nweke said:

“In light of the foregoing, you are kindly requested to ensure that your office thoroughly investigates all reported cases of gender-based disinheritance and that the case files are transmitted to this Ministry for further action.”

He further disclosed that the Ministry had designated its Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) Unit to prosecute offenders under the law.

According to him, the unit would handle such cases alongside other forms of domestic violence and sexual offences.

The Attorney-General noted that despite several Supreme Court decisions declaring customs and practices that exclude females from inheriting property unconstitutional and illegal, some members of the public still engage in such discriminatory practices.

He said the state government was determined to enforce the law and ensure that women and girls were protected from discriminatory inheritance practices.

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Ogbuekwe’s Victory: Mmiri-Oma Campaign Salutes Nkanu East for Historic Support

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…Says Ogbuekwe’s Victory a Mandate of Trust, Hope in APC

The Mmiri-Oma Campaign Organisation, which coordinated the electioneering campaign of the All Progressives Congress (APC) chairmanship candidate for Nkanu East Local Government Area, Engr. Mike Ogbuekwe, has expressed profound appreciation to the people of the council for what it described as their “overwhelming support, trust and confidence” throughout the election campaign.

Ogbuekwe was declared the winner of the Nkanu East chairmanship election conducted on September 26, 2026, bringing to a close weeks of campaign activities, consultations and community engagements across the local government.

In a statement jointly signed by the Director-General of the Mmiri-Oma Campaign Organisation, Prince Chukwuemeka Nwatu, and its Spokesperson, Barr. Joshua Ejeh, and issued on Monday, the organisation thanked the people of Nkanu East for turning out in large numbers throughout the campaign period and ultimately giving their mandate to the APC candidate.

The organisation described the people’s reception of the campaign train across the communities as deeply touching, saying the warmth, solidarity and encouragement received at the grassroots remained one of the defining features of the campaign.

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It recalled the extensive ward-to-ward engagements during which the campaign team visited communities, interacted with traditional and community leaders, youths, women and other stakeholders, describing the reception across Nkanu East as a powerful demonstration of grassroots participation.

The organisation particularly recalled instances where residents turned out despite challenging weather conditions to receive the campaign team, including engagements in Nara, Ugbakwa, Owo, Nomeh, Mburubu and Nkerefi, where reports documented significant community participation during the campaign.

According to the statement, the Mmiri-Oma movement was not merely received as a political campaign but as a movement that connected with the aspirations and expectations of ordinary people across the council area.

“We are deeply grateful to the people of Nkanu East. You opened your communities to us, listened to our message, travelled with us, stood with us and ultimately entrusted us with your mandate,” the organisation said.

The campaign body said the mandate given to Ogbuekwe by the electorate carried a profound responsibility, stressing that the confidence of the people must now be repaid through service, accountability and meaningful development.

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It assured the people that the incoming administration would remain conscious of the fact that the election was not the destination but the beginning of a new responsibility to serve.

The organisation further expressed confidence in Ogbuekwe’s capacity to translate the mandate into practical dividends of democracy, saying his campaign engagements had demonstrated a commitment to listening to communities and understanding their development priorities.

It called on all citizens, irrespective of political affiliation, to join hands with the incoming administration in building a stronger, more united and prosperous Nkanu East.

“Now that the election is over, the work begins. The campaign has ended, but the responsibility to build Nkanu East has only started,” the statement added.

The Mmiri-Oma Campaign Organisation also pledged its continued commitment to the ideals of unity, grassroots participation and inclusive development that characterised the campaign, while urging the people to remain united behind the development of the council area.

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It thanked the traditional rulers, community leaders, women, youths, professionals, political stakeholders and supporters who contributed to the success of the campaign.

The organisation equally expressed appreciation to the state governor, Dr. Peter Mbah, the leadership of the APC and all individuals and groups that worked tirelessly throughout the electioneering period to ensure victory.

The campaign council said the overwhelming support received had strengthened its belief that the people of Nkanu East were ready for a new chapter defined by service, inclusion, development and collective progress.

It therefore called on the people to see the emergence of Ogbuekwe not merely as the conclusion of a political contest, but as an opportunity to forge a common front for the advancement of every community across Nkanu East.

“The people have spoken. The mandate has been given. This shows continued trust and hope in the APC. Now is the time to unite, build and deliver. Together, we move Nkanu East forward,” it added.

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Nollywood Actor Survives Car Crash In Ibadan

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Nollywood actor Ricardo Agbor has survived a car crash in Ibadan, Oyo State.

The actor disclosed the incident on Saturday in a video shared on his Instagram page, showing his badly damaged Lexus SUV at the scene of the accident.

The silver vehicle suffered extensive damage to its front section, including a crushed bonnet, smashed grille, exposed engine components and a damaged front-left tyre.

In the video, Agbor identified the location of the accident as being in front of the Cornerstone City billboard in Ibadan.

“This is my vehicle in front of Cornerstone City, Ibadan,” the actor said.

Appearing shaken by the incident, Agbor repeatedly thanked God for sparing his life.

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“Thank you, Lord Jesus Christ. Thank you, Lord Jesus Christ. Thank you, Lord Jesus Christ,” he said.

He later added, “This is what just happened to me now. Oh God.”

In an accompanying post, the actor wrote, “As I was saying… Thank God Almighty I made it out of this. Thank you Lord Jesus Christ.”

There was no immediate information on whether the actor or any other person sustained injuries in the crash.

Ricardo Agbor, also known as Rykardo Agbor, was born on February 4, 1973, in Lagos State and hails from Delta State.

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He studied Mass Communication at the University of Ibadan and began his acting career in 1992 after working as a model.

Agbor gained prominence following his appearance in the movie Visa to Hell and has since featured in numerous Nollywood productions in both English and Yoruba.

His acting career spans more than three decades.

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Air Peace Reacts To Viral Video Of Passengers Struggling To Board Flight

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Air Peace has reacted to a viral video showing passengers struggling to board one of its aircraft at the Abuja airport.

The video, which has sparked reactions on social media, showed passengers pushing and scrambling to board an Air Peace flight, with airline and airport officials appearing overwhelmed by the crowd.

However, Air Peace said the incident occurred on December 20, 2024, amid flight delays caused by poor weather conditions.

The airline’s Head of Corporate Communications, Dr. Ejike Ndiulo, said harmattan-induced haze and fog had significantly reduced visibility and disrupted flight operations nationwide.

According to him, Air Peace deployed three aircraft to Abuja to evacuate affected passengers and minimise disruptions caused by the delays.

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He explained that while passengers were being processed at the boarding gate, the crowd became overwhelming, with some passengers rushing towards the airside.

Ndiulo said officials of the Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria and boarding officers were overwhelmed by the situation, forcing duty managers and ramp officials to mount barricades around the aircraft stairs to separate passengers booked on different flights.

The airline expressed sympathy to passengers affected by the delays but condemned what it described as misinformation and false claims accompanying the viral video.

The statement read in part:

“On the day in question, there were flight delays because of poor weather conditions, specifically harmattan-induced haze and fog, which is common at this time of the year and significantly limits visibility and impacts flight operations nationwide.”

Air Peace said it deployed three aircraft to Abuja to ensure that passengers could continue their journeys with minimal disruption.

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The airline also urged members of the public to disregard what it described as misleading representations of the incident, insisting that the video did not reflect its normal operations or values.

“We appreciate your understanding and patience during this period and sincerely regret any inconvenience these delays may have caused you,” the airline said.

It added that the safety of its passengers and crew remained its utmost priority.

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