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Family demands N1 billion from Enugu hospital over ‘reckless’ death of patient

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The family of Dr Johnson Ezeanyanwu raised the alarm over the circumstances which led to his sudden death at the Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Teaching Hospital (Parklane) Enugu on January 10.

The family of the deceased in a petition to the Chairman of the hospital management board, and the Attorney General and Commissioner for Justice, Enugu State, accused the hospital of recklessness, negligence to duty, nonchalance, professional misconduct, and suspected-delegation to an incompetent professional without due supervision.

In the petition signed by their counsel, Chief Sir OAU Onyema, the family said that they will not leave the matter for God, and that they have resolved to assist, by handing the same over to those created by God, and empowered to handle conflicting-issues of men- the Temple of Justice.

The petition reads, “Sir, we have been briefed and our services retained by the family, friends and well-wishers of once ebullient Dr Johnson Ezeanyanwu, as represented by his two sons Engr Ugochukwu Ezeanyanwu and Dr Chigozie Ezeanyanwu of No 38 Church Road, Abakpa Housing Estate, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria. We shall for the purposes of this letter refer to them as our clients. It is on their instruction, authority, and on their behalf that we write you as follows:

“Sir, our clients approached us in grief, pains and pathetic stories of how they lost their ebullient father in your hospital under unwarranted circumstances.

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“Indeed, we are highly constrained, after our detailed review of the contents of the Hospital folder of Late Dr Johnson Ezeanyanwu, and all other circumstances surrounding the untimely reckless death of this Doctor of Metallurgical and Material Engineering of Enugu State University of Science and Technology; to the extent that we are gagging ourselves and overstretching our limit of restraint, from describing his death as Manslaughter, and following it up in that regards.

“Sir, without mincing words, Dr Ezeanyanwu was hale and hearty, safe for a minor inguinal hernia on his right groin which sparingly disturbs him. On noticing that the hernia worries him after trekking a reasonable distance, he decided to operate and remove it by a simple elective topical surgery, called herniorrhaphy.

“To give a clue of his physical state of health, Late Dr Ezeanyanwu personally drove himself to Ezeagu over the weekend on Sunday 7th day of January, 2024 to attend many functions with his friends and well-wishers.

“On Tuesday 9/1/2024, being the day slated for the surgery (which in our Local palace is called ‘ibo’-Akpu’), he drove himself to the hospital being ESUT Parklane, and personally procured all the listed surgical materials that were used.

“Dr Johnson Ezeanyanwu, was then evaluated medically, and found very fit for the minor surgery called herniorrhaphy. All his Medical diagnostic parameters revealed very stable and Standard health Indices, with no fear of any complication arising.

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“The vital signs, hematological indices etc were all standard; to the extent that the surgery as appropriate will be concluded in record time, with little or no bleeding, and he will leave for home the same day.

“However, recklessness, nonchalance, negligence, and manifest incompetence of the particular officer who was “said” to have performed the minor surgery, came into play. We have incontrovertible indices to believe that, he most probably delegated the surgical act to a novice, without following up with adequate supervision, hence resulting Manifest incompetence in the procedure, that led to the tearing of the abdomen of Mr Johnson Ezeanyanwu, to the extent that few hours after the surgery, he was discovered to have a bloated Tummy with almost half of his blood volume pouring into his abdomen, – a situation called intra peritoneal hemorrhage. This is a very serious and strange complication described by experts, to have emanated from simple herniorrhaphy.

“Indeed, this excessive loss of blood, brought about instant re-scheduling of late Dr Johnson Ezeanyanwu for another (2nd) surgery called Exploratory Laparoscopy to know what was amiss, as the team on Doctors, who had mismanaged the man during the 1st surgery, were confused at the development.

“It was at this juncture that they called out for blood from the relative, at about 10.00pm on 9th day of January, 2024. And they requested that they purchase, yet another round of surgical materials. The Surgical materials listed where purchased, but to our clients’ chagrin, No single drop of blood was in the entire ESUT Teaching Hospital Blood Bank by then; yet, they embarked on the said surgery. What a state of recklessness.

“However, analysis of experts unveiled that the herniorrhaphy surgery is a minor surgery that does not cause loss of blood. In essence, incompetence or negligence came into place, as the surgery must have not followed the procedure meant for herniorrhaphy, hence occasioning the encountered damaged that brought about, Ezeanyanwu losing half of his entire blood volume into his abdomen is less than 2 hours after the operation. It was then believed that an irregular act or reckless surgical maneuvering was done, which perforated the femoral artery- a deep major blood vessel conveying blood from the back of the abdomen to the Lower limbs – the legs.

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“In a bid to unveil the enigma, our clients averred that one Dr Jude Ivenso (Senior Registrar-08025310759), who was stated to have performed the operation, is an experienced Senior Registrar of about 10 years, and duly knows the procedure for herniorrhaphy, and had done same operation severally without any complications. It is also our clients’ averment, that while at the hospital prior to the surgery (Operation) they observed a close association which they will not wish to describe as amorous, between the said Senior Registrar and a young Lady said to be a House Officer on training called Dr Nneoma Ohieri -08177573896, and that the two entered the theater with Late Dr Johnson Ezeanyanwu. Who eventually performed the Surgical act, only the two can explain. And they were all working under a Consultant called Dr Chukwudi Ilo – 08037667877.

“Our clients further maintained that it was only when the once ebullient Johnson Ezeanyanwu was dying, from the unwarranted complications from what ought to be a simple surgery, that they beckoned on the said consultant, and their team recommended that blood should be provided by the relatives, for transfusion. Despite, the unavailability of blood, in the entire hospital, which was undertaking surgical operations on people; our clients rushed out, and provided blood after about an hour of request at about 11.00pm same day; and same was cross-matched and passed for infusion on Dr Johnson Ezeanynwu. His PCV was checked, and what was initially about 40% prior to the initial surgery when he came to the hospital, was then about 25%. All other vital signs checked at the hospital had dropped up to half, including his blood pressure and pulse. It was then the team of Doctors aforementioned in the preceding paragraph, took him back to the theater, for the said Exploratory Laparoscopy, to ascertain the exact artery, from where Dr Johnson was losing blood into his abdomen.

“The most painful, was that despite these emergency situations and dangerous pointers, our client averred that the team, was unalarmed, and did not display any serious concern, or state of emergency that needed quick interventions, even when a novice could easily decipher that there is great urgency; and at the end they forgot to even use the blood which they suffered to provide, to at least stabilize the lost blood volume, before anaesthetizing him for the 2nd Surgery / operation of Exploratory Laparoscopy. The consequence, is that Dr Johnson Ezeanyanwu got no salvation, or help in the hands of those he entrusted his life, and he suffered hypovolemic shock, with Cardiopulmonary insufficiency, which culminated to cardiac arrest, and consequently death, at about 12.10am. That was pure death, as a result of trauma, caused by the said medical experts, who ought to heal trauma, as Dr Ezeanyanwu NEVER had any trauma, when he drove himself to the hospital for the elective (scheduled) minor surgery / operation.

“Sir, one the son of Late Dr Johnson Ezeanyanwu studied and is practicing Medicine and Surgery. A lot of Dr Ezeanyanwu’s associates, friend a and well-wishers – our clients, are Consultant Surgeons; and most of them, who are experts, and are willing to testify in this matter, maintained, that the great Philosopher of Metallurgical and material Engineering, – a great son of Umuezidolu, in Uzo Uwani LGA of Enugu State, suffered serious RECKLESSNESS, NEGLIGENCE, NONCHALANCE, in the hands of this team. And they posit that it is only PROFESSIONAL MISCONDUCT, AND SUSPECTED-DELEGATION TO AN INCOMPETENT PERSON WITHOUT DUE SUPERVISION, that can lead to such complication from simple minor Surgery. Anatomical positions of the arteries, vis-a-vis the position of the inguinal canal, where the herniorrhaphy was performed, will unveil that it is only recklessness, incompetence and Negligence, that might have resulted to the trauma on the arteries, which caused the death of Ezeanyanwu.

“Our clients expressed concerns on their observed excessive shivery of the House Officer- Dr Ohieri who stumbled into them, next day after the death of Dr Ezeanyanwu, while meeting with Dr Ivenso and the Consultant Dr Ilo on enquiry about the cause of death. They then wondered whether it could be that she was the one that performed the wrong procedure. Was she qualified to do so?, and Who authorized her to do so? And who supervised her? And Why? These are questions the investigation will unveil.

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“Honestly, we need not ask what happened. A simple methodical reasoning from syllogism, will broaden our horizon, and incontrovertibly prove by circumstantial evidence, that something awful, and procedurally wrong, happened to Late Dr Johnson Ezeanyanwu at his young age of 62, at ESUT Teaching Hospital Parklane, on 9th day of January, 2024; and such must be punished and compensated.

“We have taken pains to obtain copies of all the contents of Dr Johnson Ezeanyanwu’s Folder, laboratory and diagnostic reports, which we will use in proof of our case; and we hereby give you NOTICE TO PRODUCE the same, when called upon. We need no further report to establish our claims, as the contents of the materials before us, collaborated by the cause of death in the Death Certificate issued by your office, are res ipsa loquitur.

“A simply summary of an Expert Report in this imbroglio reads thus: “Following a Pre-Surgical PCV of 40% and Post herniorrhaphy / Pre- Exploratory Laparotomy PCV of 25%, the patient lost 5 Units of blood which is equivalent of half of his blood volume equaling about 2250 -2500mls. Blood was eventually given to surgeons before they went into the theater with the deceased for the second surgery (Exploratory Laparotomy). However, the blood provided was not transfused before the patient was given General Anesthesia and following such volume of blood lost, the heart & lungs could not withstand the effect of the General Anesthesia, and he had a cardiac Arrest as primary Cause of Death, secondary from Hypovolemic Shock (low blood volume), and General anesthesia- induced Cardiopulmonary failure following massive intra – abdominal Hemorrhage from complications of herniorrhaphy. Herniorrhaphy is a simple procedure, and such complications are strange to it, and could only emanate from carelessness, Recklessness, Negligence and incompetence. Indeed, the death was induced and avoidable.”

“TAKE NOTICE THAT it’s our clients’ expression that they are not going to leave this issue for God. And that they have resolved to assist, by handing the same over to those created by God, and empowered to handle conflicting-issues of men- the Temple of Justice.

“TAKE FURTHER NOTICE THAT, unless and until our clients are pacified, we shall be constrained after 3 (three) months from the receipt of this mail, to bring this matter before the Temple of justice, wherein we will claim against:

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“And, we shall be claiming amongst other reliefs, a Compensation and punitive General damages of N1,000,000,000:00 (One Billion Naira only) for the unwarranted, reckless and negligent cause of death of Dr Johnson Ezeanyanwu.

“Sir, if your office is not ready to work with discipline, they should shut-down. It will be deceptive to be giving the public, wrong impression that you are working, while you are rather by omissions or commissions causing colossal damages to the system.”

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1 Comment

1 Comment

  1. O.C.O

    February 2, 2024 at 7:52 am

    Parklane has been a dead zone for patients… Using student doctor to perform procedure without proper supervisions

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Health

20,966 Nigerian Health Workers Migrated Abroad in One Year – Report

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No fewer than 20,966 Nigerian health workers relocated abroad within one year, according to official figures contained in the State of Health of the Nation Report 2025, obtained by Saturday PUNCH.

The mass exodus comprised 3,919 doctors, 7,487 nurses and midwives, 6,861 medical laboratory professionals, 702 pharmacists, 658 physiotherapists and hundreds of other healthcare specialists.

The growing migration came under the spotlight following the relocation of a Senior Consultant Neurosurgeon at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Dr Salamat Aliu-Ibrahim, to the United States.

Aliu-Ibrahim, a renowned neurosurgeon, now serves as Medical Director, Paediatrics, at Freeman Children’s Clinic, a facility under Freeman Health System in Joplin, Missouri.

Data obtained from the United Kingdom’s General Medical Council showed that 4,691 Nigerian-trained doctors joined the UK medical register between May 2023 and April 2026.

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According to the GMC register, 15,896 Nigerian-trained doctors are currently licensed to practise in the UK, comprising 9,664 males and 6,232 females.

However, President Bola Tinubu, on Friday, appealed to Nigerian medical professionals in the diaspora to encourage more Nigerians abroad to return home and contribute to the country’s development, stressing that there is no place like home.

20,966 Nigerian Health Workers Migrated

An analysis of the State of Health of the Nation Report 2025 showed that only 60,551 of Nigeria’s 95,456 registered doctors currently hold active practising licences, representing 63 per cent. Only 51 per cent of licensed doctors are actively employed within Nigeria’s health system.

The nursing and midwifery workforce, Nigeria’s largest health profession, has also suffered substantial losses, recording the highest level of migration among health professionals.

Although Nigeria has 267,951 registered nurses and midwives, comprising 73,130 nurses, 21,031 midwives and 173,790 nurses with post-basic qualifications, only 113,123 currently hold active practising licences, representing an effective licensing ratio of 42 per cent.

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Of those with active licences, 78 per cent remain employed in the country.

The report further showed that 658 physiotherapists have migrated, leaving only 852 of the country’s 8,642 registered physiotherapists with active practising licences.

Similarly, 21 occupational therapists have migrated, while only 11 of the 176 registered professionals currently hold active licences.

There are 257 registered occupational therapist assistants, but only 51 currently possess practising licences.

The report also showed that 431 optometrists have migrated abroad. Of the 6,975 registered optometrists, only 2,156 hold active practising licences, while 66 per cent remain employed locally.

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Among opticians, only 307 of the 2,976 registered professionals currently hold practising licences, while 18 have migrated abroad.

UK, US, Canada, Saudi Arabia Top Destinations

The United Kingdom remains a leading destination for Nigerian health workers, particularly doctors and nurses, due to easier professional registration, better remuneration, structured specialist training and persistent workforce shortages within the National Health Service.

Although international recruitment has slowed since 2025, Nigeria remains one of the major source countries for overseas-trained nurses practising in the UK.

A breakdown of data obtained from the UK GMC register showed that 7,875 Nigerian-trained doctors were licensed to practise in the UK in 2020, rising to 9,976 in 2022.

In 2023, the number rose further to 12,198, making Nigeria the third-largest source of foreign-trained doctors in the UK, behind India, with 38,228 doctors, and Pakistan, with 27,739.

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Figures from the UK Nursing and Midwifery Council also showed a sharp rise in the number of internationally educated nurses and midwives on its register, driven largely by recruitment from countries including Nigeria, India, Ghana and the Philippines.

According to the council, the number of Nigerian nurses and midwives in the UK has risen above 16,000.

Beyond the UK, the United States and Canada have also become increasingly attractive destinations for Nigerian healthcare professionals.

As of 2020, a total of 3,895 Nigerian-trained doctors were licensed to practise medicine in the US.

Australia has also intensified recruitment of overseas-trained doctors and nurses to address shortages in regional and rural health services, while Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates continue to attract Nigerian healthcare professionals with tax-free salaries, subsidised accommodation and other employment benefits.

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Health

Four Unlicensed Private Hospitals Sealed by Govt in Enugu 

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The Enugu State Government, through the Ministry of Health, has sealed four private health facilities in Enugu North Local Government Area for operating without valid licences and failing to meet regulatory requirements.
The ministry’s Public Relations Officer, Mrs. Chidiogo Ugodu, disclosed this in a statement issued on Thursday in Enugu, noting that the enforcement action was carried out on July 8.
According to the statement, the ministry has intensified the monitoring and supervision of private health facilities across the state to ensure quality healthcare delivery and strict compliance with regulatory standards.
The renewed enforcement exercise was initiated by the Commissioner for Health, Prof. George Ugwu.
As part of the exercise, the Director of Medical Services, Dr. Chinyere Ezeudu, led a team of senior ministry officials on an unscheduled inspection of private health facilities in Enugu North LGA.
The ministry explained that the exercise was aimed at ensuring that all private hospitals and healthcare providers operating in the state comply with statutory requirements, including the renewal of operating licences and the registration of facilities yet to be captured by regulatory authorities.
During the inspection, the team visited seven private health facilities, assessing their operational status, licensing documentation, and compliance with established healthcare standards. Four of the facilities were subsequently sealed for regulatory violations.
Speaking on the exercise, Commissioner for Health, Prof. George Ugwu, reaffirmed the commitment of the state government, under the leadership of Governor Peter Mbah, to protecting residents by ensuring the delivery of safe, effective, and quality healthcare services.
He stressed that the monitoring and enforcement exercise would continue across the state to ensure that only duly registered and licensed healthcare facilities operate.
Ugwu also urged operators of private health facilities to regularise their operations by renewing expired licences and registering facilities that are yet to be approved.
“The ongoing monitoring exercise is not only a regulatory measure but also a critical step towards strengthening the health system and safeguarding the lives of citizens,” he said.
The latest enforcement follows a similar operation carried out a few weeks ago, during which the Ministry of Health sealed three illegal health facilities in Enugu South Local Government Area for operating without valid licences.

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Health

Jim Nwobodo Commissions Newly Re-equipped Special Babies Ward at Parklane 

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Elder statesman and former Governor of old Anambra State, Senator Jim Nwobodo, has commissioned the newly renovated and re-equipped Neonatal and Special Babies Ward at the Enugu State University of Science and Technology Teaching Hospital (ESUTH), Parklane, Enugu.

The commissioning formed part of the activities marking the 2026 Children’s Day celebration which was attended by top government officials, healthcare professionals and stakeholders in the health sector.

Governor of Enugu State, Dr. Peter Mbah, who was represented at the event by the Secretary to the State Government, Prof. Chidiebere Onyia, commended the intervention and described it as a major boost to healthcare delivery and neonatal care in the state.

He also praised the former governor for coming out to honour the unveiling of the project despite his busy schedules, saying his love for the people of the state would continue to resonate with the administration.

The project, which was facilitated through the Cecilia Oyebola Foundation founded by the Governor’s Special Adviser on Health, Dr. Yomi Jaye, was equipped with modern incubators, infusion and syringe pumps, phototherapy equipment, autoclave machines, baby monitoring devices and upgraded nursing facilities aimed at improving neonatal care and reducing infant mortality.

Speaking on behalf of Governor Mbah during the ceremony, Prof. Onyia lauded Dr. Jaye for his dedication and personal sacrifice towards advancing healthcare delivery in Enugu State.

According to him, the intervention reflected the culture of service and collective responsibility encouraged by the Mbah administration, where public officials contribute beyond their official responsibilities towards the development of the state.

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He described Dr. Jaye, who also marked his 51st birthday, as a committed and exemplary public servant whose dedication continued to strengthen confidence in the administration’s healthcare transformation agenda.

Prof. Onyia further stated that the Mbah administration had transformed ESUT Teaching Hospital from the condition it met in 2023 into a modern and rapidly improving medical institution capable of competing with leading healthcare facilities across the country.

He reiterated the commitment of Governor Mbah’s administration to building a world-class healthcare system through sustained investments in infrastructure, equipment and manpower development.

Performing the commissioning and ribbon-cutting ceremony alongside his wife, Dr. Patricia Nwobodo, Senator Nwobodo expressed admiration over the quality of facilities installed at the neonatal ward.

He praised the governor for what he described as unprecedented transformation in the health sector and insisted that the governor deserved overwhelming support for re-election in 2027.

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According to the former governor, the facilities and standards at the ward compared favourably with what is obtainable in advanced countries, stressing that the development further demonstrated that the current administration was delivering tangible results across critical sectors.

In his remarks, Dr. Yomi Jaye explained that the project was inspired by his lifelong commitment to children’s welfare and dedicated to the memory of his late mother, who was a teacher.

He disclosed that the renovated ward was designed in line with modern infection prevention protocols critical to newborn survival, recalling the painful loss of his almost twin brother due to infection-related complications.

Dr. Jaye noted that the intervention aligned with Governor Mbah’s vision of transforming healthcare delivery through preventive and patient-centred care, adding that ongoing investments in hospitals, primary healthcare and medical training had continued to reposition Enugu as a leading healthcare destination.

Earlier, the Chief Medical Director of ESUTH Parklane, Prof. Bethrand Ngwu, expressed gratitude to Governor Mbah and Dr. Jaye for their interventions and support towards improving healthcare services in the hospital.

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He stated that the administration’s investments had significantly improved healthcare delivery and staff morale, assuring that the newly installed facilities would be properly maintained and maximally utilised for the benefit of newborns and other vulnerable patients requiring specialised care.

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Health

Japa: Nigeria needs 300,000 doctors but has only 40,000

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Nigeria’s already fragile healthcare system is facing a critical manpower deficit, as the number of licensed doctors has dropped to about 40,000, far below the estimated 300,000 needed to adequately serve a population of over 220 million, PUNCH HealthWise can authoritatively report.

In 2024, the Minister of Health and Social Welfare, Prof. Muhammad Pate, revealed that Nigeria had about 55,000 licensed doctors.

Speaking during an interview on Channels TV’s Politics Today, Pate disclosed that no fewer than 16,000 doctors had left the country in the past five years, while about 17,000 others had been transferred out of active service.

Worrisomely, a new revelation by the Lagos State Commissioner for Health, Prof. Akin Abayomi, indicates that the number of practising doctors in Nigeria has declined from 55,000 to 40,000 within just one year.

In his presentation at a one-day leadership dialogue in Lagos themed “Strengthening PHC Systems: A Joint Leadership Dialogue,” Abayomi identified manpower shortage as one of the most critical challenges facing the health sector.

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The dialogue, organised by the Lagos State Primary Health Care Board with support from development partners, addressed barriers hindering PHCs from meeting expectations and proposed practical solutions for building sustainable PHCs with lasting impact.

Abayomi stated that Lagos currently has only 7,000 doctors serving an estimated 30 million residents, far below the number needed for optimal care delivery.

The commissioner raised concerns over the acute shortage of health workers in the state, disclosing that the state requires an additional 33,000 doctors to meet the healthcare demands of its growing population.

“Nigeria currently has about 40,000 doctors against an estimated need of 300,000, while Lagos alone requires about 33,000 doctors but has only about 7,000,” he said.

According to him, Lagos’ doctor-to-population ratio remains far below what is required for optimal healthcare delivery, noting that the state’s doctors are serving an estimated population of nearly 30 million people.

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To address the shortfall, Abayomi said the state government is investing in its newly established University of Medicine and Health.

“Within five years, UMH will produce about 2,500 healthcare workers annually, including laboratory scientists and other essential cadres,” he stated.

The mass exodus of healthcare professionals popularly known as japa syndrome, especially doctors, nurses, and pharmacists has remained a major concern in Nigeria.

A 2017 survey conducted by a Nigerian polling organisation in partnership with Nigeria Health Watch revealed that about 88 per cent of Nigerian doctors were seeking job opportunities abroad at the time.

Healthcare leaders have attributed the worsening brain drain to poor funding, dilapidated infrastructure, harsh working conditions, insecurity, and weak policy implementation.
According to the General Medical Council of the United Kingdom, the number of Nigerian-trained doctors practising in the UK has climbed to 11,001.
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The President of the Nigerian Medical Association, Prof. Bala Audu, recently warned that Nigeria has moved beyond passive brain drain and has become a direct recruitment hub for foreign governments seeking skilled medical professionals.

In an interview, Audu revealed that international recruiters now visit Nigeria to directly hire doctors—particularly specialists such as obstetricians, gynaecologists, and paediatricians—offering them superior working conditions, remuneration, and infrastructure.

He lamented that while Nigeria’s population continues to grow and mortality rates remain high, the country is losing specialists at an alarming rate.

“Many of our doctors are not even going abroad to look for jobs. Foreign governments now come into Nigeria to pick doctors and take them away,” Audu said.

“We are still having more births, yet maternal deaths remain high because the skilled birth attendants who should care for these women are reducing every day.”

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Audu added that in some specialties, the number of Nigerian doctors practising abroad may already exceed those still working within the country, a situation worsened by the government’s failure to significantly improve doctors’ welfare despite existing policy frameworks.

Experts have warned that with the current pace of emigration, it would be impossible for Nigeria to produce enough health workers to meet its growing healthcare demands. They estimate that it would take at least 20 years to train the over 400,000 health workers required to close the gap.

A former President of the NMA, Prof. Mike Ogirima, described Nigeria’s doctor-to-patient ratio as “horrible,” noting that the country currently has about one doctor to 8,000 patients—far below the World Health Organisation’s recommendation of one doctor to 600 patients.

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Health

Neglect of routine self-breast examination, routine PSA test fueling cancer deaths

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Nigerian health communication researcher, Ifesinachi Ayogu, has attributed the rising number of cancer-related deaths in the country to the neglect of routine self-breast examination among women and routine Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) testing among men.

Ayogu told journalists on Monday that the failure to prioritise regular screening had contributed significantly to late detection of breast and prostate cancers, which are among the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in Nigeria.

He said many cancer cases were only discovered when the disease had reached advanced stages, making treatment more complex and survival chances lower.

According to him, the increasing burden of cancer deaths calls for a more intentional and sustained approach to cancer awareness, early detection, and preventive health behaviour.

“Early detection saves lives, but many people are not practising simple, routine screening that could help detect cancer early,” Ayogu said.

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He noted that breast cancer and prostate cancer were often manageable when detected early, but ignorance, fear, stigma, and limited awareness continued to discourage people from carrying out regular checks.

The researcher explained that self-breast examination allows women to notice unusual lumps or changes early, while routine PSA testing helps detect prostate abnormalities before symptoms become severe.

Ayogu said deaths resulting from breast and prostate cancers were often preventable, stressing that delayed diagnosis was a major factor contributing to high mortality rates.

He added that many Nigerians still lacked basic information on how to conduct self-breast examinations, when to go for PSA tests, and where to seek appropriate medical care.

The health communication researcher emphasised the need for community-based education, especially in rural areas, using trusted platforms such as churches, markets, women’s groups, and radio programmes to promote routine screening practices.

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He also urged healthcare providers and public health institutions to intensify public education on cancer prevention and ensure that screening information was simple, accurate, and accessible.

Ayogu advised individuals with a family history of breast or prostate cancer to be particularly vigilant about routine screening and healthy lifestyle practices.

He stressed that promoting routine self-breast examination and PSA testing would play a critical role in reducing late presentation and improving cancer survival outcomes in Nigeria.

Ifeshinachi Ayogu is a PhD graduate student, at the University of Oklahoma United States of America, his core interest is cancer communication, according to him, he believes that the next breakthroughs in cancer care for Nigerian women and men will not come from medicine alone.

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